Phyllidiella zeylanica-Nudibranch Facts and Photographs

The Phyllidiella zeylanica is a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk. They were first described in Sri Lanka by Keelart in 1859 hence the name Zeylonika. They are known as the Ceylon Phyllidiella in some areas. In Tanzanian waters they are probably the most commonly seen Nudibranch.

APPEARANCE

Phyllidiella zeylanica have an elongated oval shape and rows of tubercles running longitudinally around the body, curving to meet on the anterior and posterior. The color varies greatly in Tanzania from a dull purple to a slightly brighter pink purple. Black lines which are not always continuous, line the body between the rows of tubercles. The rhinophores are black and are retractable as can be seen in the images below. A black longitudinal stripe is present on the sole of the foot. They grow up to 12 centimeters in length but they are usually smaller.

IN THE WILD

Phyllidiella zeylanica are the most common nudibranchs seen in Tanzanian waters. Usually they are seen singly but occasionally in pairs mating. Having the ability to secrete toxic substances provides them with protection against predators. They seem more tolerant of being photographed than most other nudibranchs. They usually retract their rhinopores and stop moving whereas others will usually head for cover.

HABITAT

The Phyllidiella zeylanica is found across the Indian ocean and in the west Pacific.

DIET

The Phyllidiella zeylanica feed mainly on certain species of sponge.

REPRODUCTION

They are simultaneous hermaphrodites and mating takes place by connecting the sexual organs which are on the right hand side of the body. Once the two organs hook up sperm is transferred across to each specimen. Eggs are laid on a solid substrate in a ribbon and when they hatch the larvae become planktonic before growing into adults.